Murió el obispo de Roma
Los apartamentos de la Via della Conciliazione, en Roma, aumentaron sus precios desde que el papa se puso grave: los enviados especiales de varios medios alrededor del mundo vivían en ellos esperando la muerte del antiguo obispo de Cracovia para reportarla al mundo. Por fin sucedió. Se les acabó la vida al lado del Tíber a esos periodistas. Los dueños de los apartamentos dejarán de recibir tan buenas rentas.
Murió el obispo de Roma, que todo lo ve.
Murió el papa que dizque libró al mundo del comunismo.
Murió el papa que canonizó como un rayo a José María Escrivá y beatificó a Pío IX, dos de los personajes más intolerantes e intransigentes de la historia reciente de la Iglesia.
Murió el papa que hizo del Opus Dei su prelatura personal.
Murió el papa que dicen que dijo que La pasión mostraba los hechos «tal como habían sido».
Murió el papa que siguió hablando de no usar condón aun ante la llegada del SIDA; el mismo papa que, en una visita a la India, habló de las ventajas de mantener el sistema de castas para evitar la enfermedad.
Murió el papa más público de la historia; el papa globalizado, mediático, viajero, futbolista, actor, carismático, cantante.
Murió Juan Pablo II, el obispo de Roma que todo lo ve.
Nunca he visto morir a un papa. Juan Pablo II es el único papa vivo que he conocido en mi vida. Y, para muchos, muchísimos en el mundo, también. Porque lo vieron en televisión y lo oyeron hablar. Porque van a sus encuentros internacionales de juventudes a verlo dar bendiciones en una trasmisión de satélite proyectada en una pantalla —y después, como me contó un amigo que estuvo en uno de esos encuentros, se van a tirar entre ellos, acaso con estricto desuso de condón—. Es un papa popular y conocido. Y por eso especialmente se cree que dizque fue el mejor papa de la historia. O al menos del siglo XX. ¿El mejor papa? Qué va. Hasta dijeron que el más importante personaje del siglo XX.
Su muerte, como su reinado, fue seguida por los medios paso a paso. La globalización, el momento en el que agonizó, permitió que fuera así; permitió, por ejemplo, que hubiera un recuadro en el canal RCN con imágenes en vivo de la Plaza de San Pedro. Su sepelio será seguido por muchas personas en el mundo. Muchas personas llorarán cuando vean, en vivo, cómo lo llevan a su sepulcro. ¿Serán trasmitidos los funerales de Juan Pablo II? Los funerales del «mejor papa de la historia».
¿El mejor? Claramente no. El mejor se hacía llamar Juan XXIII y duró 5 años. Esos besos, esos abrazos, esas sonrisas a los niños y a los ancianos, esos paseos a pie, todos eso que dicen que se inventó Juan Pablo II, todo eso se lo inventó Juan XXIII. Pero no por eso es el mejor papa. Fue el mejor porque era la persona que se merecía la institución para acercarla a la auténtica iglesia, a la comunidad que se hace llamar cristiana. Ojo: cristiana, no católica romana.
El papa bueno.
Juan XXIII fue el primer papa en mucho tiempo que se reunió con el patriarca de la Iglesia ortodoxa. Fue el primer papa que se reunió con un líder de otra religión. Fue el primer papa que invitó al vaticano a un presidente de la Unión Soviética. Juan XXIII fue el gestor del controvertido Concilio Vaticano II (CVII) en el que la Iglesia de Roma reconocía a las demás Iglesias por ser estas manifestaciones de la iglesia, de la comunidad. Y reconocía igualmente a otras religiones, a otras políticas. En las deliberaciones de CVII estuvieron todos los obispos del mundo en adelante y presentaron una nueva tradición, si se quiere más democrática, más comprometida con la comunidad.
En fin, Juan XXIII hizo de buena parte de las voces que hasta entonces se oían en el underground de la institución las voces oficiales. Dejó abierto el camino para la Teología de la Liberación. Pero murió en medio de la fiesta y del optimismo y su remplazo fue un papa a la antigua que con mucho esfuerzo debió caminar por las calles, sonreírles a los niños y darles la mano a los viejos: Pablo VI.
Y llegó Karol Wojtyla, que terminó de mandar al carajo buena parte de eso. Ejemplo: él, que en tiempos del concilio era obispo, pudo participar porque se había democratizado la institución, se había colegiado el cuerpo episcopal. Ahora, gracias a él, los obispos son como antes y deben obedecer sin chistar al papa, no pueden decir nada.
Sobre los aspectos debatibles de la actividad del papa recientemente escribió el teólogo suizo Hans Küng, desde hace mucho tiempo profesor en la Universidad de Tubinga y fuerte crítico de la Iglesia católica. También para Küng, el papa borró con el codo lo que Juan XXIII hizo con la mano. Dice que sí, que es un papa popular, que miles —así como lo acompañaron en su agonía— celebran la aparición del papa por la ventana de su cuarto; pero la Iglesia católica está en su más grande crisis de fieles y de vinculación con la realidad. En todo caso, para pesar de Küng, mío y de tantas personas, la Iglesia católica seguirá siendo importante, indiscutible, infalible y válida mientras siga abarrotando templos, mientras siga representando una religión mayoritaria.
Para otros autores, como Vittorio Messori, el papa sacó a la Iglesia de un infierno. Él, nacido y criado en una familia de ateos socialistas, se convirtió al catolicismo a los 25 años. Desde entonces escribe a favor de las doctrinas. Le contestó al balance de Küng diciendo que el suizo «estaba más cerca de los sesenta que de los ochenta». O sea que Juan XXIII y sus reformas no fueron más que moda: «el que cuando joven no es comunista no tiene corazón, el que cuando viejo sigue siéndolo no tiene razón». Yo me pregunto entonces si la gente vive esta restauración de manera honesta y solemne o más bien hipócrita. El caso de la pedofilia gringa, por ejemplo, demostró que la institución es solapada.
Murió Juan Pablo II. ¿Quién vendrá ahora? ¿Quién será el nuevo obispo de Roma, que todo lo ha de ver? Yo quisiera que fuera Walter Kasper. Él fue colaborador de Küng y aun así es actualmente cardenal y fue obispo de Stuttgart, Alemania. Naturalmente no será él. Ni siquiera está en la baraja.
Un nuevo bueno y otro malo más.
Claro, tampoco está en la baraja el nombre de Joseph Ratzinger, otro alemán, pero de lo más recalcitrante: actualmente dirige la Congregación para la Doctrina de la Fe, el antiguo Santo Oficio, encargado de la Inquisición. Es decir, es la persona encargada de defeder los dogmas.
Se habla de un papa de transición. Imagino que será un papa como los demás, un papa aparentemente sumiso pero lleno de codicia, sin la voluntad sincera de quitarle la mayúscula a su Iglesia. Un papa que, como este, prefiera mostrar el martirio de su agonía en vez de aplicar el evangelio. Un papa muy diferente a Juan XXIII.
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